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The Development of Social Policy: The Impact of the Charter of Rights

Publication: Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health
September 1989

Abstract

The article assumes social well-being must be grounded in adequate housing, medical care, and similar social or economic preconditions. Until recently, efforts to ensure the fundamental requirements of a decent life have been made primarily through political means. The article assesses the role of the courts in improving social well-being through their responses to issues raised under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (1982). The paper applies five guidelines to case law decided under the Charter: (a) the self-imposed role of the courts as custodians of constitutionality rather than as policy makers; (b) the nature of the Charter as a political rather than an economic document; (c) the significance of the way in which an issue is characterized; (d) the courts' treatment of “social legislation” as a policy concern; and (e) the courts' limited remedial jurisdiction. The article concludes that the extent to which the courts will act as policy makers will be determined by the way in which the persons appearing before them apply the courts' own sense of their limitations and the limitations of the Charter itself. Regardless, resort to the courts must now be seen as another tool of social policy making.

Résumé

Cet article fait le postulat que le bien-ětre humain doit ětre basé sur l'habitation adéquate, les soins de santé et d'autres conditions sociales et èconomiques préalables. Jusqu'á récemment, les efforts pour assurer les exigences fondamentales d'une vie décente se sont principalement déployés à travers des voies politiques, Le présent article évalue le rôle des cours de justice dans l'amélioration du bien-ětre des citoyens via leur fačon de répondre aux questions soulevées par la Charte des droits et libertés. L'article utilise cinq balises applicables à des cas réglés par la Charte: (a) le rôle imposé aux cours de préserver la constitutionnalité plutôt que de faire des poliliques; (b) la conception de la Charte comme document politique plutöt qu'économique; (c) la signification donnée à la fačon de traiter une question; (d) la préoeeupation des cours de traiter la législation sociale comme une politique; (c) les limites de la juriduction correnctive des cours. La conclusion concerne l'étendue du rôle des cours pour élaborer des politiques; cette élendue est déterminée par la fačon dont les personnes qui se présentent en cours utilisent la perception qu'ont les cours de leurs limites et de celles de la Charte. Le recours aux tribunaux n'en continue pas moins d'étre un instrument pour faire des politiques sociales.

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cover image Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health
Volume 8Number 2September 1989
Pages: 13 - 23

History

Version of record online: 29 April 2009

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Patrica Hughes
Pay Equity Hearings Tribunal

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