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Organizational Characteristics Related to the Adoption of Employee Assistance and Drug Testing Programs in Canada

Publication: Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health
2 January 2007

Abstract

This study examines characteristics of work sites related to the establishment of Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) and drug testing programs. A sample of 633 human resources managers at work sites with 100 or more employees across Canada completed a questionnaire on their work site characteristics and the types of programs available (response rate = 77.8%). Work sites with EAPs had significantly (p < .01) fewer visible minorities, were more likely to be unionized (p < .0001), and had less hierarchical management styles (p < .00001) than work sites without EAPs. For drug testing programs, significant differences were found across provinces (p < .00001) for work sites that delivered goods to the United States (p < .01), and for those in the safety-sensitive work sectors (p < .00001). Results suggest that the presence of an EAP is an indication of an employee benefit and is more likely to exist in work sites with nonhierarchical management styles, and that drug testing programs are linked to geopolitical issues and safety concerns.

Résumé

Cette étude examine les caractéristiques des lieux de travail associés à l'établissement des Programmes d'aide aux employés (PAE) et des programmes de dépistage de drogues. L'échantillon comprenait 633 directeurs et directrices de ressources humaines aux lieux de travail avec au moins 100 employés et employées, représentant toutes les régions du Canada. Ils ont complété un questionnaire à propos des caractéristiques de leur lieu de travail et les genres de programmes disponibles (taux de réponse = 77,8%). Les lieux de travail avec les PAE avaient significativement moins (p <,01) de minorités visibles, une plus grande probabilité d'être syndicalisé (p <,0001) et des modes de gestion moins hiérarchisés (p <,00001) en comparaison avec les lieux de travail sans PAE. Pour les programmes de dépistage de drogues, on trouvait des différences significatives au niveau interprovincial (p <,00001) pour les lieux de travail qui fournissent des biens aux États-Unis (p <,01) et pour ceux qui travaillent dans les secteurs de l'économie où la sûreté est prioritaire (p <,00001). Ces résultats suggèrent que la présence d'une PAE est une indication d'un avantage social et est plus répandue dans les lieux de travail qui ont des modes de gestion non hiérarchisés. L'établissement des programmes de dépistage de drogues est surtout associé aux enjeux géopolitiques et aux préoccupations liés à la sécurité.

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Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health
Volume 25Number 2September 2006
Pages: 159 - 171

History

Version of record online: 2 January 2007

Authors

Affiliations

Scott Macdonald
Centre for Addictions Research of BC and School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria
Richard Csiernik
King's University College at the University of Western Ontario, London
Pierre Durand
University of Montreal
Margaret Rylett
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto
T. Cameron Wild
University of Alberta and Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
Sari Lloyd
Centre for Addictions Research of BC, University of Victoria

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